Operating K8s Local
Quick Start
bash
# Start cluster with resources minikube start --memory=8192 --cpus=4 # Enable essential addons minikube addons enable ingress minikube addons enable metrics-server # Point Docker to Minikube eval $(minikube docker-env) # Build and deploy docker build -t myapp:local . kubectl apply -f k8s/
Minikube Essentials
Cluster Management
bash
minikube start # Start with defaults minikube start --memory=8192 --cpus=4 # With resources minikube start --driver=docker # Specific driver minikube status # Check status minikube stop # Stop (preserves state) minikube delete # Delete completely
Multiple Clusters
bash
minikube start -p my-cluster # Named cluster minikube profile my-cluster # Switch clusters minikube profile list # List all
Addons
bash
minikube addons list # List available minikube addons enable ingress # REQUIRED for external access minikube addons enable metrics-server # For kubectl top minikube addons enable dashboard # Web UI minikube addons enable storage-provisioner # For PVCs
Accessing Services
bash
# Method 1: NodePort minikube service my-service --url # Method 2: LoadBalancer (requires tunnel) minikube tunnel # Run in separate terminal # Method 3: Port forward kubectl port-forward svc/my-service 8080:80
Using Local Docker Images
bash
# Point to Minikube's Docker eval $(minikube docker-env) # Build directly into Minikube docker build -t my-app:local . # Use imagePullPolicy: Never in manifests # Reset to local Docker eval $(minikube docker-env -u)
kubectl Essentials
Context Management
bash
kubectl config current-context # Current context kubectl config get-contexts # List all kubectl config use-context minikube # Switch kubectl config set-context --current --namespace=my-ns # Set default ns
Getting Information
bash
kubectl get pods # Current namespace kubectl get pods -A # All namespaces kubectl get pods -o wide # With node/IP kubectl get all # All resources kubectl describe pod my-pod # Detailed info kubectl get events --sort-by='.lastTimestamp' # Recent events
Logs
bash
kubectl logs my-pod # Current logs kubectl logs my-pod -f # Follow kubectl logs my-pod -c container # Specific container kubectl logs my-pod --previous # After crash kubectl logs my-pod --tail=50 # Last 50 lines
Creating Resources
bash
kubectl apply -f manifest.yaml kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx kubectl create configmap my-config --from-literal=key=value kubectl create secret generic my-secret --from-literal=password=secret # Generate YAML kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx --dry-run=client -o yaml
Modifying Resources
bash
kubectl edit deployment my-deploy kubectl scale deployment my-deploy --replicas=3 kubectl set image deployment/my-deploy container=image:v2 kubectl rollout restart deployment/my-deploy
Debugging
bash
kubectl exec -it my-pod -- /bin/sh # Shell into pod kubectl exec my-pod -- env # Run command kubectl port-forward pod/my-pod 8080:80 # Forward port kubectl top pods # Resource usage kubectl top nodes
Resource Manifests
Deployment
yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: my-deploy
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
app: my-app
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: my-app
spec:
containers:
- name: main
image: my-app:local
imagePullPolicy: Never # For local images
ports:
- containerPort: 8000
livenessProbe:
httpGet:
path: /health
port: 8000
initialDelaySeconds: 30
readinessProbe:
httpGet:
path: /health
port: 8000
initialDelaySeconds: 5
Service
yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: my-service
spec:
type: ClusterIP # or NodePort, LoadBalancer
selector:
app: my-app
ports:
- port: 80
targetPort: 8000
ConfigMap & Secret
yaml
apiVersion: v1 kind: ConfigMap metadata: name: my-config data: DATABASE_HOST: postgres DATABASE_PORT: "5432" --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Secret metadata: name: my-secret type: Opaque stringData: password: mysecretpassword
Ingress
yaml
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: my-ingress
spec:
ingressClassName: nginx
rules:
- host: myapp.local
http:
paths:
- path: /
pathType: Prefix
backend:
service:
name: my-service
port:
number: 80
Local Development Workflow
bash
# 1. Start Minikube minikube start --memory=8192 --cpus=4 # 2. Enable addons minikube addons enable ingress minikube addons enable metrics-server # 3. Point to Minikube Docker eval $(minikube docker-env) # 4. Build images docker build -t myapp/api:local ./api docker build -t myapp/web:local ./web # 5. Deploy kubectl apply -f k8s/ # 6. Access minikube service myapp-web --url # Or with ingress: echo "$(minikube ip) myapp.local" | sudo tee -a /etc/hosts
Debugging Quick Reference
bash
# Pod not starting? kubectl describe pod my-pod # Check Events section # Container crashing? kubectl logs my-pod --previous # Logs from crashed container # Network issues? kubectl exec -it my-pod -- nslookup my-service kubectl exec -it my-pod -- wget -qO- http://my-service:80 # Resource issues? kubectl top pods kubectl top nodes
Verification
Run: python scripts/verify.py
Related Skills
- •
containerizing-applications- Docker and Helm charts - •
deploying-cloud-k8s- Cloud Kubernetes deployment