React Patterns

Overview

These patterns ensure consistent, maintainable React components with TypeScript. Follow these guidelines for all frontend development.

Component Structure

Functional Components Only

Always use functional components with hooks:

tsx

export function TaskList({ tasks, onTaskClick }: TaskListProps) {
  return (
    <ul className="task-list">
      {tasks.map(task => (
        <TaskItem key={task.id} task={task} onClick={onTaskClick} />
      ))}
    </ul>
  );
}

Component File Structure

code

components/
├── TaskList/
│   ├── TaskList.tsx       # Component implementation
│   ├── TaskList.css       # Component styles
│   └── index.ts           # Re-export

TypeScript Interfaces

Props Interfaces

Define props interfaces for every component:

tsx

interface TaskListProps {
  tasks: Task[];
  onTaskClick: (task: Task) => void;
  isLoading?: boolean;
}

export function TaskList({ tasks, onTaskClick, isLoading = false }: TaskListProps) {
  // ...
}

State Management

useState for Local State

tsx

const [title, setTitle] = useState('');
const [isSubmitting, setIsSubmitting] = useState(false);

useEffect for Side Effects

tsx

useEffect(() => {
  fetchTasks();
}, []);

Loading and Error States

Always Handle All States

tsx

if (isLoading) {
  return <div className="loading">Loading tasks...</div>;
}

if (error) {
  return <div className="error">Error: {error}</div>;
}

if (tasks.length === 0) {
  return <div className="empty">No tasks yet. Create one!</div>;
}

Event Handlers

Naming Convention

Prefix with handle for component handlers, on for props:

tsx

interface TaskItemProps {
  task: Task;
  onComplete: (id: string) => void;  // Prop callback
}

function TaskItem({ task, onComplete }: TaskItemProps) {
  function handleCompleteClick() {  // Local handler
    onComplete(task.id);
  }
  // ...
}

CSS Styling

Component-Scoped CSS

Each component has its own CSS file with BEM-like naming:

•.task-list - Block
•.task-item - Element
•.task-item.completed - Modifier