AgentSkillsCN

django-tests

使用 unittest、DRF APITestCase 以及 mock 编写 Django 测试用例。当用户要求为 Django 视图、序列化器、模型，或 django/ 目录下的后端 API 代码创建、添加或编写测试时，可选用此方法。

SKILL.md
--- frontmatter
name: django-tests
description: Write Django tests using unittest, DRF APITestCase, and mock. Use when the user asks to create, add, or write tests for Django views, serializers, models, or backend API code in django/.

Django Test Writing

Stack

Django unittest + DRF APITestCase + unittest.mock (no pytest, no factory-boy)

File Conventions

  • •Test files go in django/tests/ named test_<app_name>.py
  • •Base class: django/tests/base.py
  • •Run: cd django && python manage.py test
  • •Run single file: python manage.py test tests.test_portfolio

Base Test Class

Always extend BaseAPITestCase from tests/base.py:

python
from tests.base import BaseAPITestCase

class MyViewTests(BaseAPITestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        super().setUp()
        # self.user -- pre-created test user
        # self.factory -- APIRequestFactory instance
        # self.client -- APIClient instance (from APITestCase)

Helpers:

  • •self.authenticate_client() -- calls self.client.force_authenticate(user=self.user)
  • •self.unauthenticate_client() -- de-authenticates the client

Test Patterns

Unit Tests (RequestFactory)

Test views directly without full HTTP stack:

python
from myapp.views import MyViewSet

def test_list_returns_data(self):
    request = self.factory.get("/api/endpoint/")
    force_authenticate(request, user=self.user)
    view = MyViewSet.as_view({"get": "list"})
    response = view(request)
    self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

Integration Tests (APIClient)

Test the full request cycle through URL routing:

python
def test_list_endpoint(self):
    self.authenticate_client()
    response = self.client.get("/api/endpoint/")
    self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
    self.assertIsInstance(response.json(), list)

Mocking External APIs

Use @patch() for yfinance, FRED, Google AI, or any external service:

python
from unittest.mock import patch, MagicMock

@patch("myapp.views.yf.download")
def test_with_mocked_yfinance(self, mock_download):
    mock_download.return_value = MagicMock()
    self.authenticate_client()
    response = self.client.get("/api/market-data/")
    self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
    mock_download.assert_called_once()

Auth Testing

Always test both authenticated and unauthenticated paths:

python
def test_requires_auth(self):
    self.unauthenticate_client()
    response = self.client.get("/api/protected/")
    self.assertIn(response.status_code, [401, 403])

def test_authenticated_access(self):
    self.authenticate_client()
    response = self.client.get("/api/protected/")
    self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

Workflow

  1. •Identify the target -- view, serializer, or model to test
  2. •Pick test type -- unit (RequestFactory for isolated view logic) vs integration (APIClient for full routing)
  3. •Set up data -- create model instances directly in setUp() (no factories)
  4. •Mock externals -- @patch() any calls to yfinance, FRED, Google AI, or third-party APIs
  5. •Test auth -- every protected endpoint needs both authenticated and unauthenticated assertions
  6. •Assert -- check status codes, JSON structure, expected values, and side effects
  7. •Run -- cd django && python manage.py test tests.test_<module>