AgentSkillsCN

Spring Boot Data Access

Spring Boot 中 JPA、Hibernate 以及数据库交互的最佳实践

SKILL.md
--- frontmatter
name: Spring Boot Data Access
description: Best practices for JPA, Hibernate, and Database interactions in Spring Boot
metadata:
  labels: [spring-boot, jpa, hibernate, database]
  triggers:
    files: ['**/*Repository.java', '**/*Entity.java']
    keywords: [jpa-repository, entity-graph, transactional, n-plus-1]

Spring Boot Data Access

Priority: P0

Implementation Guidelines

JPA & Hibernate

  • •Read-Only: Default to @Transactional(readOnly = true) on Services. Override only on write methods.
  • •Projections: Use Java Records for read-only queries. Avoid fetching full Entities.
  • •Pagination: ALWAYS use Pageable for collections.
  • •Open-In-View: Set spring.jpa.open-in-view=false to detect lazy loading issues early.

Query Optimization

  • •N+1 Problem: Use JOIN FETCH (JPQL) or @EntityGraph for relationships.
  • •Bulk Operations: Use @Modifying for batch updates/deletes to bypass Entity overhead.

Anti-Patterns

  • •N+1 Selects: **No loops in loops**: Fetch eagerly or use graphs.
  • •Logic in Queries: **No complex JPQL**: Use Service logic.
  • •Returning Streams: **No raw Streams**: Use Lists or Page.

References