Frameworks on Netlify

Netlify supports any framework that produces static output. For frameworks with server-side capabilities (SSR, API routes, middleware), an adapter or plugin translates the framework's server-side code into Netlify Functions and Edge Functions automatically.

How It Works

During build, the framework adapter writes files to .netlify/v1/ — functions, edge functions, redirects, and configuration. Netlify reads these to deploy the site. You do not need to write Netlify Functions manually when using a framework adapter for server-side features.

Detecting Your Framework

Check these files to determine the framework:

Framework Reference Guides

Each framework has specific adapter/plugin requirements and local dev patterns:

• •Vite + React (SPA or with server routes): See references/vite.md
• •Astro: See references/astro.md
• •TanStack Start: See references/tanstack.md
• •Next.js: See references/nextjs.md

General Patterns

Client-Side Routing (SPA)

For single-page apps with client-side routing, add a catch-all redirect:

# netlify.toml
[[redirects]]
from = "/*"
to = "/index.html"
status = 200

Custom 404 Pages

• •Static sites: Create a 404.html in your publish directory. Netlify serves it automatically for unmatched routes.
• •SSR frameworks: Handle 404s in the framework's routing (the adapter maps this to Netlify's function routing).

Environment Variables in Frameworks

Each framework exposes environment variables to client-side code differently:

Server-side code in all frameworks can access variables via process.env.VAR or Netlify.env.get("VAR").