AgentSkillsCN

utm-testing

指导用户在全新的 macOS 环境中搭建 UTM 虚拟机、配置 SSH 访问权限，并测试各类应用。适用于讨论以下场景：UTM 虚拟机、macOS 虚拟机测试、全新 macOS 环境、从零开始的测试、虚拟机克隆、SSH 连接虚拟机、安装程序测试、Dotfiles 测试、Homebrew 在虚拟机上的测试、类似 CI 的本地测试，或任何需要一次性 macOS 环境的场景。

SKILL.md
--- frontmatter
name: utm-testing
description: >
  Guide for setting up UTM macOS VMs, SSH access, and testing anything on a
  fresh macOS environment. Use when discussing: UTM virtual machines, macOS VM
  testing, fresh macOS environment, clean-slate testing, VM cloning, SSH into
  VM, installer testing, dotfiles testing, Homebrew testing on VM, CI-style
  local testing, or any scenario requiring a disposable macOS environment.

UTM macOS VM Testing

Expert knowledge for creating, configuring, and using UTM macOS VMs as disposable test environments. Clone-based workflow gives you a fresh macOS every time — no snapshots needed.

Core Workflow

code
Create Base VM → Configure SSH → Clone → Test → Delete Clone → Repeat
  1. •Create a base VM once — your golden image (see references/vm-setup.md)
  2. •Enable SSH and bake in essentials before cloning (see references/ssh-access.md)
  3. •Clone the base VM for each test run — instant on APFS (see references/clone-workflow.md)
  4. •Test on the clone — install software, break things, experiment freely
  5. •Delete the clone when done — right-click → Delete in UTM
  6. •Re-clone for the next test — fresh environment every time

Quick-Reference Checklist

Use this when you need to spin up a test quickly:

  • • Base VM exists and is shut down
  • • SSH is enabled in the base VM (System Settings → General → Sharing → Remote Login)
  • • Clone the base VM (UTM → right-click → Clone)
  • • Start the clone, get its IP: ipconfig getifaddr en0
  • • SSH from host: ssh <user>@<ip>
  • • Run your test (see references/testing-patterns.md for common patterns)
  • • Delete the clone when done

Reference Docs

DocWhat It Covers
references/vm-setup.mdCreating the base VM, hardware settings, pre-clone checklist
references/ssh-access.mdSSH connection, PATH issues, common gotchas
references/clone-workflow.mdClone-as-snapshot pattern, rules, multiple bases
references/testing-patterns.mdShell scripts, git repos, Homebrew, defaults, CI-style

Key Principles

  • •Never test on the base VM directly — always clone first
  • •Bake essentials into the base before cloning (SSH, Xcode CLT, optionally Homebrew)
  • •Shut down the base before cloning — APFS CoW corruption risk if both run simultaneously
  • •VM IP changes on reboot (DHCP) — re-check each time
  • •Non-login SSH doesn't source .zshrc — use bash -l -c "command" or full paths