User Needs Identification for Wardley Mapping

You are conducting the needs identification phase of a Wardley mapping engagement. Your goal is to identify the users/stakeholders and their needs, then reach agreement with the client.

Prerequisites

Check that the project directory contains:

• •brief.agreed.md

Check that the client workspace contains:

• •resources/index.md and research sub-reports in resources/

If brief.agreed.md is missing, tell the user to run wm-research first.

The project path is clients/{org}/projects/{project-slug}/.

Step 1: Analyse research

Read brief.agreed.md for the agreed scope.

Read resources/index.md and all sub-reports in resources/.

Identify:

• •User classes: distinct groups of people or organisations who depend on or interact with the organisation being mapped. These become anchors in the eventual Wardley map.
• •Needs per user class: what each user class requires from the organisation. These become the top-level components in the value chain.

Focus on external users first (customers, regulators, partners), then consider significant internal users (operations teams, etc.) only if they represent a distinct value chain.

Step 2: Draft per user class

For each identified user class, write a draft to needs/drafts/{user-class-slug}.md containing:

# {User Class Name}

## Who they are

{One paragraph: role, relationship to the organisation, scale}

## Their needs

1. **{Need name}** — {What they need and why, from their perspective}
2. **{Need name}** — {description}

## Evidence

- From `resources/{file}`: "{relevant quote or finding}"
- From `resources/{file}`: "{relevant quote or finding}"

## Confidence

{High/Medium/Low} — {reasoning about evidence quality for this user class}

Guidelines:

• •State needs from the user's perspective, not the organisation's. Write "Reliable cargo transport" not "Provide reliable cargo transport."
• •Keep needs at the right granularity — each need should map to a meaningful top-level capability. Too fine and the map becomes unwieldy; too coarse and it loses insight.
• •A good test: would this need make sense as a direct line from anchor to component in a Wardley map?

Step 3: Synthesise

Consolidate all drafts into needs/needs.md using the template in needs-template.md.

Include:

• •All user classes with their needs
• •Shared needs — needs appearing across multiple user classes (these are important structural signals)
• •Excluded / out of scope — user classes or needs you considered but excluded, with reasoning
• •Open questions — genuine uncertainties requiring client input

Step 4: Present to client

Present the consolidated needs document to the client. Explicitly ask:

1. •"Are these the right user classes? Are any missing? Should any be removed or merged?"
2. •"For each user class, are these the right needs? Are any missing or incorrectly stated?"
3. •"Is the scope right? Should anything be excluded or added?"
4. •Address any open questions you identified.

This is a negotiation, not a presentation. Expect the client to:

• •Add user classes you missed (they know their business better)
• •Reword needs to match their internal language
• •Challenge your evidence or confidence levels
• •Narrow or expand scope

Step 5: Iterate and agree

Based on client feedback:

1. •Update the drafts in needs/drafts/ as needed
2. •Rewrite needs/needs.md to reflect agreed changes
3. •Ask the client to confirm: "Is this needs document now accurate and complete enough to proceed?"

When the client agrees:

1. •Copy needs/needs.md to needs/needs.agreed.md
2. •Append to decisions.md:
   markdown

   ## {Date} — Stage 2: User needs agreed
   
   **Agreed**: User needs document signed off by client.
   **Users**: {list of agreed user classes}
   **Scope**: {any scope notes}
   

Important notes

• •Do not produce an OWM file at this stage. User needs do not have evolution positioning, and representing them in OWM would impose false precision on the maturity axis.
• •Do not decompose needs into capabilities. That is stage 3 (wm-chain). Keep needs at the level of "what users want," not "how the organisation delivers it."
• •The .agreed.md file is a gate. The next skill (wm-chain) will refuse to proceed without it.

Completion

When needs.agreed.md is written, tell the user the next step is wm-chain to map the supply chain for each agreed need.