SvelteKit + Svelte 5 Quick Reference (February 2026)
Current Versions
| Package | Version | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Svelte | ~5.50.x | Svelte 5 is the current stable. Svelte 4 is legacy. |
| SvelteKit | ~2.50.x | SvelteKit 2 is current stable. SvelteKit 1 is legacy. |
| sv (CLI) | latest | Replaces create-svelte. Use npx sv for all scaffolding. |
Scaffolding a New Project
# Current recommended command (npm create svelte@latest is DEPRECATED) npx sv create my-app cd my-app npm install npm run dev
sv create options
| Flag | Purpose |
|---|---|
--template minimal|demo|library | Project template |
--types ts|jsdoc|--no-types | TypeScript config |
--add [add-ons...] | Install add-ons (see below) |
--no-add-ons | Skip interactive add-on prompt |
--install npm|pnpm|yarn|bun|deno | Package manager |
Available add-ons
drizzle, eslint, better-auth, tailwindcss, prettier, vitest, playwright, storybook, mdsvex, paraglide, sveltekit-adapter, mcp, devtools-json
TypeScript Setup
TypeScript is built-in. Select "ts" when prompted by npx sv create, or pass --types ts. No extra configuration needed.
- •Use
<script lang="ts">in.sveltefiles - •Types are auto-generated on
npm run devornpx svelte-kit sync - •Required tsconfig options (set automatically):
verbatimModuleSyntax: true,isolatedModules: true,noEmit: true - •
.svelte.tsfiles for reactive modules (replaces.tswhen you need runes)
Svelte 5 Runes (Core Reactivity)
Runes replace Svelte 4's implicit reactivity (let, $:) with explicit, portable primitives.
$state -- Reactive State
<script>
let count = $state(0); // primitive
let todos = $state([]); // deep reactive proxy (arrays/objects)
</script>
<button onclick={() => count++}>{count}</button>
- •Deeply reactive: mutations to nested objects/arrays are tracked automatically
- •Class fields:
done = $state(false);inside class bodies
$state.raw -- Non-reactive (reassign-only)
let items = $state.raw([1, 2, 3]); // items.push(4) -- NO EFFECT (not reactive) items = [...items, 4]; // works (reassignment)
Use for large collections you never mutate in place. Better performance.
$state.snapshot -- Static copy
let data = $state({ count: 0 });
console.log($state.snapshot(data)); // plain object, no proxy
Use when passing state to external libraries or structuredClone.
$derived -- Computed Values
let count = $state(0); const doubled = $derived(count * 2);
$derived.by -- Complex derivations
const filtered = $derived.by(() => {
return items.filter(item => item.active);
});
$derived(expr) is equivalent to $derived.by(() => expr).
$effect -- Side Effects
$effect(() => {
// Runs on mount and whenever dependencies change
// Dependencies are auto-tracked
console.log(`count is ${count}`);
// Optional cleanup (returned function runs before re-execution)
return () => { /* cleanup */ };
});
$effect.pre -- Before DOM update
$effect.pre(() => {
// Runs before DOM is updated. Rare use case.
});
Rule of thumb: $derived for values, $effect for actions/side effects.
$props -- Component Props
<script>
// Replaces "export let"
let { name, count = 0, class: klass, ...rest } = $props();
</script>
- •Destructure with defaults, renaming, and rest props
- •Props are NOT bindable by default (see $bindable)
$bindable -- Two-way Binding
<script>
let { value = $bindable('default') } = $props();
</script>
Parent can then use bind:value={something}.
$inspect -- Debug
$inspect(count); // logs to console whenever count changes (dev only, stripped in prod)
Snippets (Replace Slots)
Slots are deprecated. Use snippets and {@render} instead.
Default content (children)
<!-- Parent -->
<Card>
<p>This becomes the children snippet</p>
</Card>
<!-- Card.svelte -->
<script>
let { children } = $props();
</script>
<div class="card">
{@render children?.()}
</div>
Named snippets
<!-- Parent -->
<Card>
{#snippet header()}
<h2>Title</h2>
{/snippet}
{#snippet footer()}
<p>Footer</p>
{/snippet}
<p>Default children content</p>
</Card>
<!-- Card.svelte -->
<script>
let { header, footer, children } = $props();
</script>
<div class="card">
{@render header?.()}
{@render children?.()}
{@render footer?.()}
</div>
Snippets with parameters
<!-- Parent -->
<List items={users}>
{#snippet item(user)}
<span>{user.name}</span>
{/snippet}
</List>
<!-- List.svelte -->
<script>
let { items, item } = $props();
</script>
{#each items as entry}
{@render item(entry)}
{/each}
Event Handling Changes
DOM events: remove the colon
<!-- Svelte 4 -->
<button on:click={handler}>Click</button>
<input on:input={handler} />
<!-- Svelte 5 -->
<button onclick={handler}>Click</button>
<input oninput={handler} />
Component events: callback props replace createEventDispatcher
<!-- Svelte 4 child -->
<script>
import { createEventDispatcher } from 'svelte';
const dispatch = createEventDispatcher();
</script>
<button on:click={() => dispatch('submit', data)}>Submit</button>
<!-- Svelte 5 child -->
<script>
let { onsubmit } = $props();
</script>
<button onclick={() => onsubmit(data)}>Submit</button>
Event modifiers are gone
Replace on:click|preventDefault with explicit calls:
<button onclick={(e) => { e.preventDefault(); handler(e); }}>Click</button>
Component Mounting (Programmatic)
// Svelte 4
const app = new App({ target: document.getElementById('app') });
// Svelte 5
import { mount, unmount } from 'svelte';
const app = mount(App, { target: document.getElementById('app') });
// later: unmount(app);
Cross-Module Reactive State (.svelte.ts files)
// counter.svelte.ts
let count = $state(0);
// Cannot export reassignable $state directly. Two patterns:
// Pattern 1: Export object (mutate properties)
export const counter = $state({ count: 0 });
export function increment() { counter.count++; }
// Pattern 2: Export getter functions
export function getCount() { return count; }
export function increment() { count++; }
SSR caveat: Module-scoped
$stateis a singleton shared across SSR requests. Always reset at render start. See "SSR Behavior for Module-Scoped State" below.
SSR Behavior for Module-Scoped State
What runs during SSR vs CSR
| Context | SSR | CSR |
|---|---|---|
Top-level <script> code | YES | YES |
$state initialization | YES | YES |
$derived / $derived.by | Compiled as IIFE (computed once at module init) | Reactive (recomputes on dependency change) |
$effect / $effect.pre | NO | YES |
onMount | NO | YES |
| Template expressions | YES | YES |
The $derived SSR trap
$derived.by(() => ...) compiles to const x = (() => ...)() during SSR -- an immediately-invoked function that runs once at module initialization, not reactively. If module-scoped $state is set after the derived is initialized, the derived will NOT reflect the updated values.
Broken pattern:
// store.svelte.ts
let page = $state('');
const snapshot = $derived.by(() => ({ page })); // Frozen at init during SSR!
function setPage(p) { page = p; }
Working pattern:
// store.svelte.ts
let page = $state('');
function buildSnapshot() { return { page }; } // Fresh read every call
export const store = {
get snapshot() { return buildSnapshot(); }, // Works in both SSR and CSR
setPage(p) { page = p; },
};
During CSR, reading $state variables inside a getter called from a template still triggers Svelte 5's fine-grained reactivity tracking.
SSR baseline pattern for layouts/pages
To populate state during SSR, call setters at the top level of <script> blocks (not in $effect or onMount). Use $effect for client-side reactive updates:
<script>
import { page } from '$app/stores';
import { myStore } from '$lib/stores/my.svelte';
let { data } = $props();
// SSR + CSR: runs on every render
myStore.setPage(data.title);
// CSR only: reactive updates on navigation
$effect(() => {
myStore.setPage(data.title);
});
</script>
Avoiding state_referenced_locally warnings
When you need $derived values for SSR baseline code, DON'T read the $derived at top level. Instead, compute the value directly from the source:
<!-- BAD: warns because $derived is read outside reactive context -->
<script>
let isAdmin = $derived(data.user?.role === 'admin');
if (isAdmin) { store.setAuth({...}); } // Warning!
</script>
<!-- GOOD: compute from source directly -->
<script>
let isAdmin = $derived(data.user?.role === 'admin');
// SSR baseline: use source data, not $derived
if (data.user?.role === 'admin') { store.setAuth({...}); }
// $effect for CSR reactivity uses $derived normally
$effect(() => { if (isAdmin) { store.setAuth({...}); } });
</script>
Module-scoped $state and SSR safety
Module-scoped $state is shared across all SSR requests (it's a singleton). SvelteKit SSR is synchronous per-request, so call reset() at the top of the root layout to prevent cross-request pollution:
<!-- +layout.svelte (root) -->
<script>
import { myStore } from '$lib/stores/my.svelte';
myStore.reset(); // Clear state before each render
</script>
SvelteKit 2 Key Differences from SvelteKit 1
- •
error()andredirect()no longer need to be thrown -- just call them - •
cookies.set/delete/serializerequire explicitpathparameter - •Import
vitePreprocessfrom@sveltejs/vite-plugin-svelte(not from SvelteKit) - •
resolvePathreplaced byresolveRoutefrom$app/paths - •Paths are consistently relative or absolute based on
paths.relativeconfig - •Requires Node 18.13+
Migration Commands
# Migrate Svelte 4 -> Svelte 5 npx sv migrate svelte-5 # Migrate SvelteKit 1 -> SvelteKit 2 npx sv migrate sveltekit-2
Project Structure (SvelteKit)
src/
lib/ # Shared code, importable as $lib/
routes/ # File-based routing
+page.svelte # Page component
+page.ts # Page load function (universal)
+page.server.ts # Server-only load / form actions
+layout.svelte # Layout component
+layout.ts # Layout load function
+layout.server.ts # Server-only layout load
+error.svelte # Error page
+server.ts # API endpoint (GET, POST, etc.)
app.html # HTML template
app.d.ts # Auto-generated types
svelte.config.js # SvelteKit configuration
vite.config.ts # Vite configuration
Common Patterns
Form Actions (server-side form handling)
<!-- +page.svelte --> <form method="POST" action="?/create"> <input name="title" /> <button>Create</button> </form>
// +page.server.ts
import type { Actions } from './$types';
export const actions = {
create: async ({ request }) => {
const data = await request.formData();
const title = data.get('title');
// handle creation
}
} satisfies Actions;
Load Functions
// +page.ts (runs on server AND client)
import type { PageLoad } from './$types';
export const load: PageLoad = async ({ fetch }) => {
const res = await fetch('/api/data');
return { items: await res.json() };
};
// +page.server.ts (runs ONLY on server)
import type { PageServerLoad } from './$types';
export const load: PageServerLoad = async ({ locals }) => {
return { user: locals.user };
};