Upstash Redis Key-Value Store

Interact with Upstash's Redis-compatible key-value store using the REST interface.

Script Location

bash

bun run scripts/upstash-client.ts <command> [args...]

IMPORTANT: Always run with bun run, not directly.

Configuration

Environment Variables

The script uses these environment variables by default:

•UPSTASH_REDIS_REST_URL - The Upstash REST API URL
•UPSTASH_REDIS_REST_TOKEN - The Upstash REST API token

Overriding Credentials

If the user provides credentials from another source (conversation context, a file, etc.), use the --url and --token flags to override environment variables:

bash

bun run scripts/upstash-client.ts --url "https://..." --token "AX..." GET mykey

Priority: Command-line flags > Environment variables

Command Reference

String Commands

bash

# Get/Set
GET <key>
SET <key> <value> [--ex seconds] [--px ms] [--nx] [--xx] [--keepttl] [--get]
SETNX <key> <value>                    # Set if not exists
SETEX <key> <seconds> <value>          # Set with expiration

# Multiple keys (key/value pairs)
MGET <key1> [key2...]
MSET <key1> <val1> [key2 val2...]
MSETNX <key1> <val1> [key2 val2...]    # Set all if none exist

# Counters
INCR <key>
INCRBY <key> <increment>
INCRBYFLOAT <key> <increment>
DECR <key>
DECRBY <key> <decrement>

# String manipulation
APPEND <key> <value>
STRLEN <key>
GETRANGE <key> <start> <end>
SETRANGE <key> <offset> <value>

Hash Commands

Hashes store field-value pairs. Pass fields and values as alternating arguments:

bash

# Set hash fields (field/value pairs)
HSET <key> <field1> <val1> [field2 val2...]
HSETNX <key> <field> <value>           # Set field if not exists

# Get hash fields
HGET <key> <field>
HMGET <key> <field1> [field2...]
HGETALL <key>

# Hash operations
HDEL <key> <field1> [field2...]
HEXISTS <key> <field>
HKEYS <key>
HVALS <key>
HLEN <key>
HINCRBY <key> <field> <increment>
HINCRBYFLOAT <key> <field> <increment>
HSCAN <key> <cursor> [MATCH pattern] [COUNT count]

Examples:

bash

# Store user data
bun run scripts/upstash-client.ts HSET user:1 name "John" email "john@example.com" age 30

# Get single field
bun run scripts/upstash-client.ts HGET user:1 name

# Get all fields
bun run scripts/upstash-client.ts HGETALL user:1

# Increment numeric field
bun run scripts/upstash-client.ts HINCRBY user:1 age 1

List Commands

Lists are ordered collections. Values are pushed/popped from left (head) or right (tail):

bash

# Push elements
LPUSH <key> <val1> [val2...]           # Push to head
RPUSH <key> <val1> [val2...]           # Push to tail
LPUSHX <key> <val1> [val2...]          # Push if list exists
RPUSHX <key> <val1> [val2...]

# Pop elements
LPOP <key> [count]
RPOP <key> [count]

# Access elements
LRANGE <key> <start> <stop>            # Get range (0 = first, -1 = last)
LLEN <key>
LINDEX <key> <index>

# Modify
LSET <key> <index> <value>
LREM <key> <count> <value>             # Remove count occurrences
LTRIM <key> <start> <stop>             # Keep only range
LINSERT <key> <BEFORE|AFTER> <pivot> <value>
LPOS <key> <value>
LMOVE <src> <dst> <LEFT|RIGHT> <LEFT|RIGHT>

Examples:

bash

# Create a task queue
bun run scripts/upstash-client.ts RPUSH tasks "task1" "task2" "task3"

# Get all tasks
bun run scripts/upstash-client.ts LRANGE tasks 0 -1

# Pop task from front (FIFO queue)
bun run scripts/upstash-client.ts LPOP tasks

# Pop task from back (LIFO stack)
bun run scripts/upstash-client.ts RPOP tasks

Set Commands

Sets store unique, unordered members:

bash

# Add/remove members
SADD <key> <member1> [member2...]
SREM <key> <member1> [member2...]

# Query
SMEMBERS <key>
SISMEMBER <key> <member>
SMISMEMBER <key> <member1> [member2...]
SCARD <key>

# Random access
SPOP <key> [count]
SRANDMEMBER <key> [count]

# Set operations
SINTER <key1> [key2...]
SINTERSTORE <dest> <key1> [key2...]
SUNION <key1> [key2...]
SUNIONSTORE <dest> <key1> [key2...]
SDIFF <key1> [key2...]
SDIFFSTORE <dest> <key1> [key2...]
SMOVE <src> <dst> <member>
SSCAN <key> <cursor> [MATCH pattern] [COUNT count]

Examples:

bash

# Add tags
bun run scripts/upstash-client.ts SADD article:1:tags "javascript" "redis" "nodejs"

# Check membership
bun run scripts/upstash-client.ts SISMEMBER article:1:tags "javascript"

# Get all members
bun run scripts/upstash-client.ts SMEMBERS article:1:tags

# Find common tags between articles
bun run scripts/upstash-client.ts SINTER article:1:tags article:2:tags

Sorted Set Commands

Sorted sets store members with scores for ranking:

bash

# Add members (score/member pairs)
ZADD <key> <score1> <member1> [score2 member2...] [--nx] [--xx] [--gt] [--lt] [--ch]

# Remove
ZREM <key> <member1> [member2...]
ZREMRANGEBYRANK <key> <start> <stop>
ZREMRANGEBYSCORE <key> <min> <max>

# Scores and ranks
ZSCORE <key> <member>
ZMSCORE <key> <member1> [member2...]
ZRANK <key> <member>                   # Rank (low to high)
ZREVRANK <key> <member>                # Rank (high to low)
ZINCRBY <key> <increment> <member>

# Range queries
ZRANGE <key> <start> <stop> [--withscores] [--rev] [--byscore] [--bylex]
ZRANGEBYSCORE <key> <min> <max> [--withscores] [--limit off,count]
ZREVRANGE <key> <start> <stop> [--withscores]
ZREVRANGEBYSCORE <key> <max> <min> [--withscores] [--limit off,count]

# Counting
ZCARD <key>
ZCOUNT <key> <min> <max>

# Pop
ZPOPMIN <key> [count]
ZPOPMAX <key> [count]

# Set operations
ZINTERSTORE <dest> <numkeys> <key1> [key2...]
ZUNIONSTORE <dest> <numkeys> <key1> [key2...]
ZSCAN <key> <cursor> [MATCH pattern] [COUNT count]

Examples:

bash

# Create leaderboard (score member pairs)
bun run scripts/upstash-client.ts ZADD leaderboard 1000 "player1" 1500 "player2" 1200 "player3"

# Get top 3 with scores (highest first)
bun run scripts/upstash-client.ts ZRANGE leaderboard 0 2 --rev --withscores

# Get player's rank
bun run scripts/upstash-client.ts ZREVRANK leaderboard "player2"

# Increment player's score
bun run scripts/upstash-client.ts ZINCRBY leaderboard 100 "player1"

# Get players with scores between 1000 and 1500
bun run scripts/upstash-client.ts ZRANGEBYSCORE leaderboard 1000 1500 --withscores

Key Commands

bash

# Delete
DEL <key1> [key2...]
UNLINK <key1> [key2...]                # Async delete

# Existence/Type
EXISTS <key1> [key2...]
TYPE <key>

# Expiration
EXPIRE <key> <seconds>
EXPIREAT <key> <timestamp>
PEXPIRE <key> <milliseconds>
PEXPIREAT <key> <timestamp>
TTL <key>
PTTL <key>
PERSIST <key>                          # Remove expiration

# Rename
RENAME <key> <newkey>
RENAMENX <key> <newkey>

# Search
KEYS <pattern>                         # Use with caution in production
SCAN <cursor> [MATCH pattern] [COUNT count]

# Other
COPY <src> <dst>
DUMP <key>
TOUCH <key1> [key2...]
RANDOMKEY
OBJECT ENCODING|FREQ|IDLETIME|REFCOUNT <key>

Examples:

bash

# Set key with 1 hour expiration
bun run scripts/upstash-client.ts SET session:abc "data"
bun run scripts/upstash-client.ts EXPIRE session:abc 3600

# Or in one command
bun run scripts/upstash-client.ts SET session:abc "data" --ex 3600

# Check TTL
bun run scripts/upstash-client.ts TTL session:abc

# Scan keys matching pattern
bun run scripts/upstash-client.ts SCAN 0 MATCH "user:*" COUNT 100

Server Commands

bash

PING [message]
ECHO <message>
DBSIZE
TIME
INFO [section]
FLUSHDB                                # Delete all keys in current DB (DANGEROUS)
FLUSHALL                               # Delete all keys in all DBs (DANGEROUS)

Command Options

SET Options

bash

--ex <seconds>     # Expire in seconds
--px <ms>          # Expire in milliseconds
--exat <ts>        # Expire at Unix timestamp (seconds)
--pxat <ts>        # Expire at Unix timestamp (ms)
--nx               # Only set if key does not exist
--xx               # Only set if key exists
--keepttl          # Retain existing TTL
--get              # Return old value

ZADD Options

bash

--nx               # Only add new members
--xx               # Only update existing members
--gt               # Only update if new score > current
--lt               # Only update if new score < current
--ch               # Return number of changed elements

ZRANGE Options

bash

--withscores       # Include scores in output
--byscore          # Range by score instead of rank
--bylex            # Range by lexicographical order
--rev              # Reverse order
--limit off,count  # Limit results (e.g., --limit 0,10)

Output Format

•String values: Printed directly
•null/nil: Prints (nil)
•Objects/arrays: Pretty-printed as JSON

Confirmation Behaviour

Default: Ask for Confirmation

Before executing any destructive operation (write, modify, or delete), you MUST ask the user for confirmation. This includes:

Write operations:

•SET, SETNX, SETEX, PSETEX, MSET, MSETNX
•HSET, HSETNX
•LPUSH, RPUSH, LPUSHX, RPUSHX, LSET, LINSERT
•SADD
•ZADD

Modify operations:

•INCR, INCRBY, INCRBYFLOAT, DECR, DECRBY
•APPEND, SETRANGE
•HINCRBY, HINCRBYFLOAT
•LREM, LTRIM, LMOVE
•ZINCRBY

Delete operations:

•DEL, UNLINK
•HDEL
•LPOP, RPOP
•SREM, SPOP, SMOVE
•ZREM, ZREMRANGEBYRANK, ZREMRANGEBYSCORE, ZPOPMIN, ZPOPMAX
•FLUSHDB, FLUSHALL (extra caution)

TTL/Rename operations:

•EXPIRE, EXPIREAT, PEXPIRE, PEXPIREAT, PERSIST
•RENAME, RENAMENX

Example confirmation prompt:

"I'm about to HSET user:1 with fields {name: "John", email: "john@example.com"}. Proceed?"

YOLO Mode: Skip Confirmation

If the user indicates they do not want to be asked for confirmation, respect this for all subsequent operations. Indicators include:

•"YOLO mode"
•"Don't ask for confirmation"
•"You're free to make changes without asking"
•"Just do it"
•"No need to confirm"
•"Auto-approve" or "auto-confirm"
•Any similar phrasing indicating blanket approval

Once YOLO mode is activated, proceed with destructive operations without asking, but still inform the user what was done.

Example:

Set user:1 with {name: "John", email: "john@example.com"} - done.

Error Handling

If credentials are missing or invalid, the script will exit with an error message. Ensure the user has configured either:

•Environment variables (UPSTASH_REDIS_REST_URL, UPSTASH_REDIS_REST_TOKEN)
•Or provides credentials via --url and --token flags

When to Use This Skill

•User explicitly asks to store or retrieve data from Upstash/Redis
•Need to persist data across conversations or sessions
•Implementing caching for expensive operations
•Maintaining counters, rate limits, or statistics
•Storing user preferences or session data
•Building leaderboards or rankings (sorted sets)
•Managing queues or task lists (lists)
•Tagging or categorisation (sets)
•Storing structured objects (hashes)
•Any scenario requiring fast key-value storage