COPD Management Skill

Long-term management of Chronic Obstructie Pulmonary Disease (COPD), including lung function monitoring, symptom assessment, and exacerbation prevention.

Core Flow

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User Input -> Identify Operation Type -> Extract Parameter Info -> Check Completeness -> [Need Supplement] Ask User
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                                                   [Information Complete]
                                                      |
                                              Generate JSON -> Save Data -> Output Confirmation

Step 1: Parse User Input

Operation Type Recognition

Input Keywords	Operation Type	Description
fev1, lung-function	lung_function	Lung function test record
cat	cat_assessment	CAT score
mmrc	mmrc_assessment	mMRC dyspnea scale
symptom	symptom_record	Symptom record
exacerbation	exacerbation_record	Exacerbation record
medication	medication_management	Medication management
vaccine	vaccine_record	Vaccination record
status	control_status	View control status
assessment	gold_assessment	GOLD group assessment

Lung Function Keywords Mapping

Input Keywords	Field	Example
fev1, fev	fev1	1.8 (L)
predicted, percent, %	fev1_percent_predicted	65 (%)
fvc, fvc	fvc	3.2 (L)
ratio	fev1_fvc_ratio	0.56

Symptom Type Keywords

Input Keywords	Symptom Type
dyspnea	dyspnea
cough	cough
sputum	sputum
wheeze	wheeze

Sputum Color Keywords

Input Keywords	Color Value
white	white
clear	clear
yellow	yellow
green	green
purulent	purulent

Sputum Volume Keywords

Input Keywords	Volume Value
scanty	scanty
moderate	moderate
abundant	abundant

Exacerbation Severity

Input Keywords	Severity
mild	mild
moderate	moderate
severe	severe

Exacerbation Triggers

Input Keywords	Trigger
viral	viral_infection
bacterial	bacterial_infection
pollution	air_pollution
weather	weather_change

Step 2: Check Information Completeness

Lung Function Record Required:

•FEV1 value (L)

CAT Score Required:

•Total score (0-40 points)

mMRC Score Required:

•Grade (0-4 level)

Symptom Record Required:

•Symptom type
•Severity or description

Exacerbation Record Required:

•Severity (mild/moderate/severe)

Step 3: Interactive Prompts (If Needed)

Scenario A: Incomplete Lung Function Values

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Please provide complete lung function data:
- FEV1 value (L)
- FEV1 percent predicted (%)
- FVC value (L) [optional]
- FEV1/FVC ratio [optional]

Scenario B: Missing CAT Score

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Please perform CAT scoring (each item 0-5 points):
1. Cough
2. Sputum
3. Chest tightness
4. Shortness of breath climbing stairs
5. Limitation in housework activities
6. Confidence in outdoor activities
7. Sleep quality
8. Energy level

Or enter total score directly (0-40 points)

Scenario C: Missing mMRC Grade

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Please select mMRC grade (0-4):
Grade 0 - Only shortness of breath during strenuous exercise
Grade 1 - Shortness of breath when walking fast or climbing incline
Grade 2 - Walk slower than peers or need to stop to catch breath
Grade 3 - Need to stop after 100m or few minutes
Grade 4 - Severe shortness of breath, cannot leave home

Step 4: Generate JSON

Lung Function Record

json

{
  "date": "2025-06-10",
  "post_bronchodilator": {
    "fev1": 1.8,
    "fev1_percent_predicted": 65,
    "fvc": 3.2,
    "fev1_fvc_ratio": 0.56
  },
  "gold_grade": "Grade 2",
  "interpretation": "Moderate airflow limitation"
}

CAT Score Record

json

{
  "date": "2025-06-20",
  "total_score": 18,
  "max_score": 40,
  "interpretation": "Moderate symptom impact",
  "impact_level": "Medium",
  "items": {
    "cough": 2,
    "sputum": 2,
    "chest_tightness": 2,
    "breathlessness_climbing": 3,
    "activity_limitation": 2,
    "confidence_outdoors": 2,
    "sleep": 3,
    "energy": 2
  }
}

Exacerbation Record

json

{
  "id": "exace_20250215000000001",
  "date": "2025-02-15",
  "severity": "moderate",
  "triggers": ["viral_infection"],
  "symptoms": ["increased_dyspnea", "purulent_sputum"],
  "treatment": ["antibiotics", "prednisone"],
  "hospitalized": false,
  "recovery_days": 10
}

Complete schema definition: see schema.json.

Step 5: Save Data

•Read data/copd-tracker.json
•Update corresponding sections based on operation type
•Update statistics
•Write back to file

Execution Instructions

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1. Identify operation type (fev1/cat/mmrc/symptom/exacerbation/medication/vaccine/status/assessment)
2. Extract parameter information
3. Check required field completeness
4. If missing, ask user to supplement
5. Generate JSON compliant with schema.json
6. Save to data/copd-tracker.json
7. Output confirmation and medical recommendations

Example Interactions

Example 1: Lung Function Record

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User: fev1 1.8 65%

AI: Lung function test result recorded
FEV1: 1.8 L (65% predicted)
GOLD Grade: Grade 2 (moderate)
Interpretation: Moderate airflow limitation

Recommendation: Regular lung function recheck, at least once a year

Example 2: CAT Score

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User: cat score 18

AI: CAT score recorded
Total score: 18/40
Impact: Moderate impact
Grade: Medium

Symptom control needs improvement, consult doctor for treatment adjustment

Example 3: Exacerbation Record

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User: exacerbation moderate viral_infection

AI: Exacerbation event recorded
Date: 2025-06-20
Severity: Moderate
Trigger: Viral infection

This is the 1st exacerbation this year

If symptoms continue to worsen for more than 3 days, seek medical attention

Example 4: View Status

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User: copd status

AI: COPD Control Status Report
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
GOLD Grade: Grade 2 (moderate)
Symptom assessment: CAT 18 (moderate impact)
Lung function: FEV1 1.8L (65%)

Exacerbations: 1 this year (last: 2025-02-15)
Medication: Tiotropium 18μg qd
Vaccination: Flu vaccine (2024-10), Pneumonia vaccine (2023-05)

Control Evaluation: Symptom control suboptimal, recommend optimizing treatment

For more examples, see examples.md.

Medical Safety Boundaries

Cannot Do:

•Provide specific medication dosage adjustment recommendations
•Directly prescribe or recommend specific medications
•Replace doctor's diagnosis and treatment decisions
•Predict disease prognosis or rate of lung function decline

Can Do:

•Provide lung function monitoring records and trend analysis
•Provide symptom scoring and assessment (CAT, mMRC)
•Provide exacerbation records and trigger tracking
•Provide medication reminders and vaccination reminders
•Provide lifestyle recommendations and medical visit reminders

Emergency Medical Indications:

•Significantly worsened dyspnea, unrelieved by rest
•Purple lips or fingernails (cyanosis)
•Confusion, drowsiness, or coma
•Chest pain, suspected myocardial infarction or pneumothorax