AgentSkillsCN

acc-create-circuit-breaker

为 PHP 8.5 生成断路器模式。通过状态管理、故障降级支持以及指标监控,打造抵御级联故障的韧性组件,并附带单元测试。

SKILL.md
--- frontmatter
name: acc-create-circuit-breaker
description: Generates Circuit Breaker pattern for PHP 8.5. Creates resilience component protecting against cascading failures with state management, fallback support, and metrics. Includes unit tests.

Circuit Breaker Generator

Creates Circuit Breaker pattern infrastructure for resilience and fault tolerance.

When to Use

ScenarioExample
External service callsAPI integrations, payment gateways
Database connectionsPrevent connection exhaustion
Cascading failuresStop failure propagation
Service degradationGraceful fallback when service unavailable

Component Characteristics

CircuitState Enum

  • Closed: Normal operation, requests pass through
  • Open: Failing, requests rejected immediately
  • HalfOpen: Testing recovery, limited requests allowed

CircuitBreaker

  • Wraps external service calls
  • Tracks failures and successes
  • Automatic state transitions
  • Configurable thresholds and timeouts

CircuitBreakerConfig

  • Failure threshold count
  • Success threshold for recovery
  • Open state timeout duration

Generation Process

Step 1: Generate Core Components

Path: src/Infrastructure/Resilience/CircuitBreaker/

  1. CircuitState.php — Enum with state transitions
  2. CircuitBreakerConfig.php — Configuration value object
  3. CircuitBreakerException.php — Exception for open circuit

Step 2: Generate Circuit Breaker

Path: src/Infrastructure/Resilience/CircuitBreaker/

  1. CircuitBreaker.php — Main implementation with state management

Step 3: Generate Factory and Registry

Path: src/Infrastructure/Resilience/CircuitBreaker/

  1. CircuitBreakerFactory.php — Creates configured breakers
  2. CircuitBreakerRegistry.php — Per-service breaker management

Step 4: Generate Tests

  1. CircuitStateTest.php — State transition tests
  2. CircuitBreakerTest.php — Breaker behavior tests

File Placement

ComponentPath
All Classessrc/Infrastructure/Resilience/CircuitBreaker/
Unit Teststests/Unit/Infrastructure/Resilience/CircuitBreaker/

Naming Conventions

ComponentPatternExample
State EnumCircuitStateCircuitState
ConfigCircuitBreakerConfigCircuitBreakerConfig
Main ClassCircuitBreakerCircuitBreaker
FactoryCircuitBreakerFactoryCircuitBreakerFactory
RegistryCircuitBreakerRegistryCircuitBreakerRegistry
ExceptionCircuitBreakerExceptionCircuitBreakerException
Test{ClassName}TestCircuitBreakerTest

Quick Template Reference

CircuitState

php
enum CircuitState: string
{
    case Closed = 'closed';
    case Open = 'open';
    case HalfOpen = 'half_open';

    public function allowsRequest(): bool;
    public function canTransitionTo(self $next): bool;
}

CircuitBreakerConfig

php
final readonly class CircuitBreakerConfig
{
    public function __construct(
        public int $failureThreshold = 5,
        public int $successThreshold = 3,
        public int $openTimeoutSeconds = 30,
        public int $halfOpenMaxAttempts = 3
    ) {}

    public static function default(): self;
    public static function aggressive(): self;
    public static function lenient(): self;
}

CircuitBreaker

php
final class CircuitBreaker
{
    public function execute(callable $operation, ?callable $fallback = null): mixed;
    public function canExecute(): bool;
    public function getState(): CircuitState;
    public function forceOpen(): void;
    public function forceClose(): void;
}

Usage Example

php
$breaker = $circuitBreakers->get('payment-gateway');

try {
    $result = $breaker->execute(
        operation: fn() => $paymentClient->charge($request),
        fallback: fn() => PaymentResult::deferred($request->id)
    );
} catch (CircuitBreakerException $e) {
    // Circuit is open
    return PaymentResult::serviceUnavailable($request->id);
}

State Transitions

code
CLOSED ─────failure threshold reached────→ OPEN
   ↑                                          │
   │                                          │ timeout elapsed
   │                                          ↓
success threshold reached              HALF-OPEN
   └────────────────────────────────────────┘
                        │
            failure in half-open
                        │
                        ↓
                      OPEN

Anti-patterns to Avoid

Anti-patternProblemSolution
Global Circuit BreakerOne breaker for all servicesPer-service breakers
No FallbackHard failure on openProvide fallback strategy
Immediate RetryHammering failed serviceUse timeout before HalfOpen
No MetricsCan't monitor healthLog state transitions
Static ThresholdsCan't tune per serviceConfigurable per service
No Manual OverrideCan't force open/closeAdd force methods

References

For complete PHP templates and examples, see:

  • references/templates.md — CircuitState, CircuitBreakerConfig, CircuitBreaker, Factory, Registry templates
  • references/examples.md — HTTP client, payment gateway examples and tests