.NET MAUI Theming

Two main approaches exist for theming MAUI apps: AppThemeBinding (automatic OS theme response) and ResourceDictionary theming (custom themes with runtime switching). They can be combined.

1. AppThemeBinding (OS Theme Response)

AppThemeBinding is a markup extension that selects a value based on the current system theme.

Properties

Property	Description
`Light`	Value used when the device is in light mode
`Dark`	Value used when the device is in dark mode
`Default`	Fallback value when the device theme is unknown

XAML Usage

xml

<Label Text="Themed text"
       TextColor="{AppThemeBinding Light=Green, Dark=Red}"
       BackgroundColor="{AppThemeBinding Light=White, Dark=Black}" />

<!-- With StaticResource or DynamicResource values -->
<Label TextColor="{AppThemeBinding Light={StaticResource LightPrimary},
                                   Dark={StaticResource DarkPrimary}}" />

C# Extension Methods

csharp

var label = new Label();
// Color-specific helper
label.SetAppThemeColor(Label.TextColorProperty, Colors.Green, Colors.Red);

// Generic helper for any type
label.SetAppTheme<Color>(Label.TextColorProperty, Colors.Green, Colors.Red);

2. ResourceDictionary Theming (Custom Themes)

Use separate ResourceDictionary files with matching keys to define themes, then swap them at runtime.

Define Theme Dictionaries

Each ResourceDictionary must have a code-behind file that calls InitializeComponent().

LightTheme.xaml

xml

<ResourceDictionary xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/dotnet/2021/maui"
                    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2009/xaml"
                    x:Class="MyApp.Themes.LightTheme">
    <Color x:Key="PageBackgroundColor">White</Color>
    <Color x:Key="PrimaryTextColor">#333333</Color>
    <Color x:Key="AccentColor">#2196F3</Color>
</ResourceDictionary>

LightTheme.xaml.cs

csharp

namespace MyApp.Themes;

public partial class LightTheme : ResourceDictionary
{
    public LightTheme() => InitializeComponent();
}

DarkTheme.xaml.cs — same pattern, different values, same keys.

Consume with DynamicResource

Use DynamicResource (not StaticResource) so values update at runtime when the dictionary changes:

xml

<ContentPage BackgroundColor="{DynamicResource PageBackgroundColor}">
    <Label Text="Hello"
           TextColor="{DynamicResource PrimaryTextColor}" />
    <Button Text="Action"
            BackgroundColor="{DynamicResource AccentColor}" />
</ContentPage>

Switch Themes at Runtime

csharp

void ApplyTheme(ResourceDictionary theme)
{
    var mergedDictionaries = Application.Current!.Resources.MergedDictionaries;
    mergedDictionaries.Clear();
    mergedDictionaries.Add(theme);
}

// Usage
ApplyTheme(new LightTheme());
ApplyTheme(new DarkTheme());

System Theme Detection

Current Theme

csharp

AppTheme currentTheme = Application.Current!.RequestedTheme;
// Returns AppTheme.Light, AppTheme.Dark, or AppTheme.Unspecified

Override the System Theme

csharp

// Force a specific theme regardless of OS setting
Application.Current!.UserAppTheme = AppTheme.Dark;

// Reset to follow the system theme
Application.Current!.UserAppTheme = AppTheme.Unspecified;

React to Theme Changes

csharp

Application.Current!.RequestedThemeChanged += (s, e) =>
{
    AppTheme newTheme = e.RequestedTheme;
    // Update UI or switch ResourceDictionaries
};

Combining Both Approaches

Use AppThemeBinding with DynamicResource values for maximum flexibility:

xml

<Label TextColor="{AppThemeBinding
    Light={DynamicResource LightPrimary},
    Dark={DynamicResource DarkPrimary}}" />

Or react to system changes and swap full ResourceDictionaries:

csharp

Application.Current!.RequestedThemeChanged += (s, e) =>
{
    ApplyTheme(e.RequestedTheme == AppTheme.Dark
        ? new DarkTheme()
        : new LightTheme());
};

Platform Support & Gotchas

Platform	Minimum Version
iOS	13+
Android	10+ (API 29)
macOS Catalyst	10.14+
Windows	10+

Android: ConfigChanges.UiMode

MainActivity must include ConfigChanges.UiMode or theme change events will not fire and the activity may restart instead:

csharp

[Activity(Theme = "@style/Maui.SplashTheme",
          MainLauncher = true,
          ConfigurationChanges = ConfigChanges.ScreenSize
                               | ConfigChanges.Orientation
                               | ConfigChanges.UiMode  // Required for theme detection
                               | ConfigChanges.ScreenLayout
                               | ConfigChanges.SmallestScreenSize
                               | ConfigChanges.Density)]
public class MainActivity : MauiAppCompatActivity { }

CSS Theming Limitation

MAUI supports CSS styling, but CSS-based themes cannot be swapped dynamically at runtime. Use ResourceDictionary theming instead for dynamic theme switching.

Quick Reference

•OS light/dark → AppThemeBinding markup extension
•Theme colors in C# → SetAppThemeColor(), SetAppTheme<T>()
•Read OS theme → Application.Current.RequestedTheme
•Force theme → Application.Current.UserAppTheme = AppTheme.Dark
•Theme changes → RequestedThemeChanged event
•Custom switching → Swap ResourceDictionary in MergedDictionaries
•Runtime bindings → DynamicResource (not StaticResource)